Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR) systems based on deep neural network models are vulnerable to adversarial examples.Existing SAR adversarial attack algorithms require access to the network structure, parameters, and training data, which are often inaccessible in real-world scenarios.To address this problem, this stu
Background/Aim: Gingival recession is defined as apical migration if the gingival margin associated with exposure of the cement - enamel junction.The gingival recessions are major esthetic concern in patients at Tiles any age.In cases with esthetic and functional considerations mucogingival surgery is indicated.The advantages of CAF with or without
The punishment of criminals is a long-debated topic in penology, criminology, and sociology of law.But it has an underdeveloped history in philosophy generally, and in philosophy of law in particular.Philosophical discussions of early release programs is particularly lacking in philosophy of law and moral philosophy.But in the State of California,
In humans, puberty initiates a period of rapid growth, change, and formative neurobehavioral development.Brain and behavior changes during this maturational window contribute to opportunities for social learning.Here we provide new insights into adolescence as a unique period of social learning and development by describing field studies of our clo
ObjectiveThis study employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationships among immune cells, COPD, and potential metabolic mediators.MethodsUtilizing summary data from genome-wide association studies, we analyzed 731 immune cell phenotypes, 1,400 plasma metabolites, and COPD.Bidirectional MR analysis was conducted to explor